Single Domain Monoclonal Antibodies

A single domain monoclonal antibody (sdMAB) or nanobody® is a type of antibody derived from camelids, such as camels, llamas or Alpacas (VHH) and Shark (VNAR). Unlike conventional antibodies, which are composed of two heavy chains and two light chains, sdMABs or nanobodies® consist of a single, fully functional antibody domain. This single domain contains both the antigen-binding site and the effector functions necessary for immune response. They have gained significant importance in various fields of research and technology due to their distinctive structure, functional properties, and advantages over conventional antibodies.